Goddard Range and Range Rate - Revision history

http://www.carnarvonspace.com/wiki/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Goddard_Range_and_Range_Rate Goddard Range and Range Rate - Revision history 2026-04-17T17:05:05Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.7.1 http://www.carnarvonspace.com/wiki/index.php?title=Goddard_Range_and_Range_Rate&diff=2869&oldid=prev Paul at 23:30, 24 March 2007 2007-03-24T23:30:26Z

<p></p> <table border='0' width='98%' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='4' style="background-color: white;"> <tr> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">Revision as of 23:30, 24 March 2007</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 12:</strong></td> <td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 12:</strong></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">GRARR equipment was designed for operational simplicity of both ground tracking equipment and satellite transponders supporting, in particular, highly-eccentric or synchronous satellites. Initially the site provided only 'range and range rate tracking' but was sequentially upgraded to provide 'data collection' and 'command' facilities as each new generation of satellite was developed: FM/FM telemetry and command for the Bios missions from 1966; PCM/FM telemetry and PRN-range coding for the GEOS-B mission from 1968; and further upgrades for the higher tech SMS and AE missions in 1973.</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">GRARR equipment was designed for operational simplicity of both ground tracking equipment and satellite transponders supporting, in particular, highly-eccentric or synchronous satellites. Initially the site provided only 'range and range rate tracking' but was sequentially upgraded to provide 'data collection' and 'command' facilities as each new generation of satellite was developed: FM/FM telemetry and command for the Bios missions from 1966; PCM/FM telemetry and PRN-range coding for the GEOS-B mission from 1968; and further upgrades for the higher tech SMS and AE missions in 1973.</td></tr> <tr><td>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; font-size: smaller;"></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr><td>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; font-size: smaller;">We acknowledge the assistance of Viv Batty, Max Garth, Barry Heald, John Rudkin and Kon Tsiaprakas in compiling this section.</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">The site became increasingly integrated into the general operations of CRO. A coaxial cable was installed between the T&C and GRARR in 1967 to facilitate time recovery if either of the GRARR or USB atomic clocks lost its epoch. The link became even more effective when the Goddard Mobile Laser and its associated atomic clock were located at the foot of the VHF antenna.</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">The site became increasingly integrated into the general operations of CRO. A coaxial cable was installed between the T&C and GRARR in 1967 to facilitate time recovery if either of the GRARR or USB atomic clocks lost its epoch. The link became even more effective when the Goddard Mobile Laser and its associated atomic clock were located at the foot of the VHF antenna.</td></tr> </table>

Paul http://www.carnarvonspace.com/wiki/index.php?title=Goddard_Range_and_Range_Rate&diff=2798&oldid=prev Paul at 03:57, 6 March 2007 2007-03-06T03:57:45Z

<p></p> <table border='0' width='98%' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='4' style="background-color: white;"> <tr> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">Revision as of 03:57, 6 March 2007</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 4:</strong></td> <td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 4:</strong></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR></td></tr> <tr><td>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; font-size: smaller;">'''''All GRARR sections are now complete except 'Telemetry and <span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">Command</span>'.'''''</td><td>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; font-size: smaller;">'''''All GRARR sections are now complete except 'Telemetry and <span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">command</span>'.'''''</td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">----</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">----</td></tr> </table>

Paul http://www.carnarvonspace.com/wiki/index.php?title=Goddard_Range_and_Range_Rate&diff=2367&oldid=prev Paul at 06:05, 29 January 2007 2007-01-29T06:05:45Z

<p></p> <table border='0' width='98%' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='4' style="background-color: white;"> <tr> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">Revision as of 06:05, 29 January 2007</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 1:</strong></td> <td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 1:</strong></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"><BR></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"><BR></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">{{SideMenuRARR}}</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">{{SideMenuRARR}}</td></tr> <tr><td>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; font-size: smaller;">[[Image:RARR-site.jpg|left|thumbnail|<span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">460px</span>|Goddard RARR: VHF antenna to the left and S-band antenna to the right]]</td><td>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; font-size: smaller;">[[Image:RARR-site.jpg|left|thumbnail|<span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">450px</span>|Goddard RARR: VHF antenna to the left and S-band antenna to the right]]</td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR></td></tr> </table>

Paul http://www.carnarvonspace.com/wiki/index.php?title=Goddard_Range_and_Range_Rate&diff=2366&oldid=prev Paul at 06:04, 29 January 2007 2007-01-29T06:04:49Z

<p></p> <table border='0' width='98%' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='4' style="background-color: white;"> <tr> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">Revision as of 06:04, 29 January 2007</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 1:</strong></td> <td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 1:</strong></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"><BR></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"><BR></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">{{SideMenuRARR}}</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">{{SideMenuRARR}}</td></tr> <tr><td>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; font-size: smaller;">[[Image:RARR-site.jpg|left|thumbnail|<span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">470px</span>|Goddard RARR: VHF antenna to the left and S-band antenna to the right]]</td><td>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; font-size: smaller;">[[Image:RARR-site.jpg|left|thumbnail|<span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">460px</span>|Goddard RARR: VHF antenna to the left and S-band antenna to the right]]</td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR></td></tr> </table>

Paul http://www.carnarvonspace.com/wiki/index.php?title=Goddard_Range_and_Range_Rate&diff=2302&oldid=prev Paul at 09:30, 17 January 2007 2007-01-17T09:30:03Z

<p></p> <table border='0' width='98%' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='4' style="background-color: white;"> <tr> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">Revision as of 09:30, 17 January 2007</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 17:</strong></td> <td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 17:</strong></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">The site became increasingly integrated into the general operations of CRO. A coaxial cable was installed between the T&C and GRARR in 1967 to facilitate time recovery if either of the GRARR or USB atomic clocks lost its epoch. The link became even more effective when the Goddard Mobile Laser and its associated atomic clock were located at the foot of the VHF antenna.</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">The site became increasingly integrated into the general operations of CRO. A coaxial cable was installed between the T&C and GRARR in 1967 to facilitate time recovery if either of the GRARR or USB atomic clocks lost its epoch. The link became even more effective when the Goddard Mobile Laser and its associated atomic clock were located at the foot of the VHF antenna.</td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; font-size: smaller;">CRO was always a pro-active tracking station. It received the mission manuals for all NASA missions whether they were specific to CRO or not. After the co-axial cable was installed, CRO examined the manual for each new mission it was not scheduled to support and where it established it could combine T&C and GRARR resources to do so, it advised the relevant mission control of its potential capability; the station was often called upon to deliver that support in a critical situation. In late 1971 the STADAN and MSFN networks were combined as an economy measure to form the '''<span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">Satellite </span>Tracking and Data Network''' (STDN); and the local partnership became increasingly formal until CRO was closed in early 1975 as a further economy measure.</td><td>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; font-size: smaller;">CRO was always a pro-active tracking station. It received the mission manuals for all NASA missions whether they were specific to CRO or not. After the co-axial cable was installed, CRO examined the manual for each new mission it was not scheduled to support and where it established it could combine T&C and GRARR resources to do so, it advised the relevant mission control of its potential capability; the station was often called upon to deliver that support in a critical situation. In late 1971 the STADAN and MSFN networks were combined as an economy measure to form the '''<span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">Spaceflight </span>Tracking and Data Network''' (STDN); and the local partnership became increasingly formal until CRO was closed in early 1975 as a further economy measure.</td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">We acknowledge the assistance of Viv Batty, Max Garth, Barry Heald, John Rudkin and Kon Tsiaprakas in compling this section.</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">We acknowledge the assistance of Viv Batty, Max Garth, Barry Heald, John Rudkin and Kon Tsiaprakas in compling this section.</td></tr> </table>

Paul http://www.carnarvonspace.com/wiki/index.php?title=Goddard_Range_and_Range_Rate&diff=2301&oldid=prev Paul at 09:25, 17 January 2007 2007-01-17T09:25:10Z

<p></p> <table border='0' width='98%' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='4' style="background-color: white;"> <tr> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">Revision as of 09:25, 17 January 2007</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 19:</strong></td> <td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 19:</strong></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">CRO was always a pro-active tracking station. It received the mission manuals for all NASA missions whether they were specific to CRO or not. After the co-axial cable was installed, CRO examined the manual for each new mission it was not scheduled to support and where it established it could combine T&C and GRARR resources to do so, it advised the relevant mission control of its potential capability; the station was often called upon to deliver that support in a critical situation. In late 1971 the STADAN and MSFN networks were combined as an economy measure to form the '''Satellite Tracking and Data Network''' (STDN); and the local partnership became increasingly formal until CRO was closed in early 1975 as a further economy measure.</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">CRO was always a pro-active tracking station. It received the mission manuals for all NASA missions whether they were specific to CRO or not. After the co-axial cable was installed, CRO examined the manual for each new mission it was not scheduled to support and where it established it could combine T&C and GRARR resources to do so, it advised the relevant mission control of its potential capability; the station was often called upon to deliver that support in a critical situation. In late 1971 the STADAN and MSFN networks were combined as an economy measure to form the '''Satellite Tracking and Data Network''' (STDN); and the local partnership became increasingly formal until CRO was closed in early 1975 as a further economy measure.</td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; font-size: smaller;">We acknowledge the assistance of Viv Batty</td><td>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; font-size: smaller;">We acknowledge the assistance of Viv Batty<span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">, Max Garth, Barry Heald, John Rudkin and Kon Tsiaprakas in compling this section.</span></td></tr> </table>

Paul http://www.carnarvonspace.com/wiki/index.php?title=Goddard_Range_and_Range_Rate&diff=2300&oldid=prev Paul at 09:23, 17 January 2007 2007-01-17T09:23:34Z

<p></p> <table border='0' width='98%' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='4' style="background-color: white;"> <tr> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">Revision as of 09:23, 17 January 2007</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 18:</strong></td> <td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 18:</strong></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">CRO was always a pro-active tracking station. It received the mission manuals for all NASA missions whether they were specific to CRO or not. After the co-axial cable was installed, CRO examined the manual for each new mission it was not scheduled to support and where it established it could combine T&C and GRARR resources to do so, it advised the relevant mission control of its potential capability; the station was often called upon to deliver that support in a critical situation. In late 1971 the STADAN and MSFN networks were combined as an economy measure to form the '''Satellite Tracking and Data Network''' (STDN); and the local partnership became increasingly formal until CRO was closed in early 1975 as a further economy measure.</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">CRO was always a pro-active tracking station. It received the mission manuals for all NASA missions whether they were specific to CRO or not. After the co-axial cable was installed, CRO examined the manual for each new mission it was not scheduled to support and where it established it could combine T&C and GRARR resources to do so, it advised the relevant mission control of its potential capability; the station was often called upon to deliver that support in a critical situation. In late 1971 the STADAN and MSFN networks were combined as an economy measure to form the '''Satellite Tracking and Data Network''' (STDN); and the local partnership became increasingly formal until CRO was closed in early 1975 as a further economy measure.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; font-size: smaller;">We acknowledge the assistance of Viv Batty</td></tr> </table>

Paul http://www.carnarvonspace.com/wiki/index.php?title=Goddard_Range_and_Range_Rate&diff=2299&oldid=prev Paul at 09:22, 17 January 2007 2007-01-17T09:22:08Z

<p></p> <table border='0' width='98%' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='4' style="background-color: white;"> <tr> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">Revision as of 09:22, 17 January 2007</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 12:</strong></td> <td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 12:</strong></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">GRARR equipment was designed for operational simplicity of both ground tracking equipment and satellite transponders supporting, in particular, highly-eccentric or synchronous satellites. Initially the site provided only 'range and range rate tracking' but was sequentially upgraded to provide 'data collection' and 'command' facilities as each new generation of satellite was developed: FM/FM telemetry and command for the Bios missions from 1966; PCM/FM telemetry and PRN-range coding for the GEOS-B mission from 1968; and further upgrades for the higher tech SMS and AE missions in 1973.</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">GRARR equipment was designed for operational simplicity of both ground tracking equipment and satellite transponders supporting, in particular, highly-eccentric or synchronous satellites. Initially the site provided only 'range and range rate tracking' but was sequentially upgraded to provide 'data collection' and 'command' facilities as each new generation of satellite was developed: FM/FM telemetry and command for the Bios missions from 1966; PCM/FM telemetry and PRN-range coding for the GEOS-B mission from 1968; and further upgrades for the higher tech SMS and AE missions in 1973.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; font-size: smaller;">We acknowledge the assistance of Viv Batty, Max Garth, Barry Heald, John Rudkin and Kon Tsiaprakas in compiling this section.</td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">The site became increasingly integrated into the general operations of CRO. A coaxial cable was installed between the T&C and GRARR in 1967 to facilitate time recovery if either of the GRARR or USB atomic clocks lost its epoch. The link became even more effective when the Goddard Mobile Laser and its associated atomic clock were located at the foot of the VHF antenna.</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">The site became increasingly integrated into the general operations of CRO. A coaxial cable was installed between the T&C and GRARR in 1967 to facilitate time recovery if either of the GRARR or USB atomic clocks lost its epoch. The link became even more effective when the Goddard Mobile Laser and its associated atomic clock were located at the foot of the VHF antenna.</td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">CRO was always a pro-active tracking station. It received the mission manuals for all NASA missions whether they were specific to CRO or not. After the co-axial cable was installed, CRO examined the manual for each new mission it was not scheduled to support and where it established it could combine T&C and GRARR resources to do so, it advised the relevant mission control of its potential capability; the station was often called upon to deliver that support in a critical situation. In late 1971 the STADAN and MSFN networks were combined as an economy measure to form the '''Satellite Tracking and Data Network''' (STDN); and the local partnership became increasingly formal until CRO was closed in early 1975 as a further economy measure.</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">CRO was always a pro-active tracking station. It received the mission manuals for all NASA missions whether they were specific to CRO or not. After the co-axial cable was installed, CRO examined the manual for each new mission it was not scheduled to support and where it established it could combine T&C and GRARR resources to do so, it advised the relevant mission control of its potential capability; the station was often called upon to deliver that support in a critical situation. In late 1971 the STADAN and MSFN networks were combined as an economy measure to form the '''Satellite Tracking and Data Network''' (STDN); and the local partnership became increasingly formal until CRO was closed in early 1975 as a further economy measure.</td></tr> </table>

Paul http://www.carnarvonspace.com/wiki/index.php?title=Goddard_Range_and_Range_Rate&diff=2298&oldid=prev Paul at 09:18, 17 January 2007 2007-01-17T09:18:29Z

<p></p> <table border='0' width='98%' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='4' style="background-color: white;"> <tr> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">Revision as of 09:18, 17 January 2007</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 15:</strong></td> <td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 15:</strong></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">The site became increasingly integrated into the general operations of CRO. A coaxial cable was installed between the T&C and GRARR in 1967 to facilitate time recovery if either of the GRARR or USB atomic clocks lost its epoch. The link became even more effective when the Goddard Mobile Laser and its associated atomic clock were located at the foot of the VHF antenna.</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">The site became increasingly integrated into the general operations of CRO. A coaxial cable was installed between the T&C and GRARR in 1967 to facilitate time recovery if either of the GRARR or USB atomic clocks lost its epoch. The link became even more effective when the Goddard Mobile Laser and its associated atomic clock were located at the foot of the VHF antenna.</td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; font-size: smaller;">CRO was always a pro-active tracking station. It received the mission manuals for all NASA missions whether they were specific to CRO or not. <span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">Once </span>the co-axial cable was installed, CRO examined the manual for each mission it was not <span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">intended </span>to support and where it established it could combine T&C and GRARR resources to <span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">provide support</span>, it advised the relevant mission control of <span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">the </span>potential capability; the station was often called upon to <span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">provide </span>support in a critical situation. In late 1971 the STADAN and MSFN networks were combined as an economy measure to form the '''Satellite Tracking and Data Network''' (STDN); and the local partnership became increasingly formal until CRO was closed in early 1975 as a further economy measure.</td><td>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; font-size: smaller;">CRO was always a pro-active tracking station. It received the mission manuals for all NASA missions whether they were specific to CRO or not. <span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">After </span>the co-axial cable was installed, CRO examined the manual for each <span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">new </span>mission it was not <span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">scheduled </span>to support and where it established it could combine T&C and GRARR resources to <span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">do so</span>, it advised the relevant mission control of <span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">its </span>potential capability; the station was often called upon to <span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">deliver that </span>support in a critical situation. In late 1971 the STADAN and MSFN networks were combined as an economy measure to form the '''Satellite Tracking and Data Network''' (STDN); and the local partnership became increasingly formal until CRO was closed in early 1975 as a further economy measure.</td></tr> </table>

Paul http://www.carnarvonspace.com/wiki/index.php?title=Goddard_Range_and_Range_Rate&diff=2297&oldid=prev Paul at 09:15, 17 January 2007 2007-01-17T09:15:15Z

<p></p> <table border='0' width='98%' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='4' style="background-color: white;"> <tr> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' width='50%' align='center' style="background-color: white;">Revision as of 09:15, 17 January 2007</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 9:</strong></td> <td colspan="2" align="left"><strong>Line 9:</strong></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">A part of the '''Satellite Tracking and Data Network''' (STADAN), the '''Goddard Range and Range Rate''' (GRARR) system provided 24 hours/day-7 days/week support for most of its operational life. Though not as memorable as the '''Manned Space Flight Network''' (MSFN) activities located on adjacent sand hills, it was the workhorse of the Carnarvon Tracking Station.</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">A part of the '''Satellite Tracking and Data Network''' (STADAN), the '''Goddard Range and Range Rate''' (GRARR) system provided 24 hours/day-7 days/week support for most of its operational life. Though not as memorable as the '''Manned Space Flight Network''' (MSFN) activities located on adjacent sand hills, it was the workhorse of the Carnarvon Tracking Station.</td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; font-size: smaller;">The GRAAR equipment occupied two vans while the local friendly rivals, the T&C and the FPQ-6, were housed more substantially. The vans were named by its rivals as ''Cuthbert’s Cosy Caravan Park'' (CCCP) after its first supervising engineer, Ron Cuthbert; a local humorous allusion to the then more bitter space rivalry between the USA and the USSR (the English translation of CCCP).</td><td>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; font-size: smaller;">The GRAAR equipment occupied two vans while the local friendly rivals, the T&C and the FPQ-6, were housed more substantially. The vans were named by its rivals as ''Cuthbert’s Cosy Caravan Park'' (CCCP) after its first supervising engineer, Ron Cuthbert; a local humorous allusion to the then more bitter space rivalry between the USA and the USSR (<span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">USSR is </span>the English translation of CCCP).</td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">GRARR equipment was designed for operational simplicity of both ground tracking equipment and satellite transponders supporting, in particular, highly-eccentric or synchronous satellites. Initially the site provided only 'range and range rate tracking' but was sequentially upgraded to provide 'data collection' and 'command' facilities as each new generation of satellite was developed: FM/FM telemetry and command for the Bios missions from 1966; PCM/FM telemetry and PRN-range coding for the GEOS-B mission from 1968; and further upgrades for the higher tech SMS and AE missions in 1973.</td><td> </td><td style="background: #eee; font-size: smaller;">GRARR equipment was designed for operational simplicity of both ground tracking equipment and satellite transponders supporting, in particular, highly-eccentric or synchronous satellites. Initially the site provided only 'range and range rate tracking' but was sequentially upgraded to provide 'data collection' and 'command' facilities as each new generation of satellite was developed: FM/FM telemetry and command for the Bios missions from 1966; PCM/FM telemetry and PRN-range coding for the GEOS-B mission from 1968; and further upgrades for the higher tech SMS and AE missions in 1973.</td></tr> </table>

Paul